By Mark A Virtue, MD, Gastroenterologist at MNGI Digestive Health
Although these two terms sound similar, they describe different conditions. Understanding the difference can help you recognize symptoms, know when to seek care, and protect your digestive health.
DIVERTICULOSIS
Diverticula are small pouches that bulge outward from the wall of the colon (large intestine). They become more common with age, affecting nearly 60% of people by age 60.
Diverticulosis simply means these pouches are present. Most people have no symptoms and discover them during a routine colonoscopy or imaging study. Diverticulosis itself requires no treatment.
DIVERTICULITIS
Diverticulitis occurs when one or more diverticula become inflamed. Only a minority of people with diverticulosis develop this condition.
Common symptoms include:
- Persistent abdominal pain, often in the lower left abdomen
- Fevers or chills
- Altered bowel habits
- Nausea with or without vomiting
Contact your healthcare clinician if you develop persistent abdominal pain, particularly with fever. Seek emergent medical care for severe or worsening pain, persistent fever, repeated vomiting, or a hard, rigid abdomen. These may indicate serious complications, such as abscess or perforation.
PREVENTION
There is no single cause of diverticulitis, but healthy lifestyle habits may lower your risk.
- Eat more fiber: Choose fruits, vegetables, beans, and whole grains.
- Stay active: Regular exercise supports digestive and overall health.
- Maintain a healthy weight and avoid smoking.
- Limit red and processed meat and avoid heavy alcohol consumption.
You do not need to avoid nuts, seeds, corn, or popcorn. Research has not shown that these foods increase the risk of diverticulitis.
TREATMENT
Treatment depends on symptom severity and your overall health. Mild cases may improve with temporary dietary changes and pain management. Antibiotics are not always necessary but may be recommended in higher-risk or more severe cases. Severe cases or complications may require hospitalization or surgery.
After recovery, your clinician may recommend a colonoscopy, particularly after complicated diverticulitis or if you are due for colorectal cancer screening. The timing depends on your individual circumstances.
SUMMARY
- Diverticulosis: Pouches are present in the colon, usually without symptoms.
- Diverticulitis: One or more pouches become inflamed, potentially requiring treatment.
Most people with diverticulosis never develop diverticulitis. A healthy lifestyle can help reduce your risk, and prompt evaluation of persistent abdominal pain can help prevent complications.
If you have any symptoms, it’s time to listen—and to act. Talk to your MNGI physician today or schedule an appointment.
Disclaimer: This blog post is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.
